![]() ![]() The degree to which overexposure can occur varies because different types of film and digital cameras have different dynamic ranges. In the middle of the day, the bright overhead sun can create strong highlights and dark shadows. For a location sufficiently far from the equator, the sun may not reach an altitude of 10°, and the golden hour lasts for the entire day in certain seasons. For a location closer to the Equator, the same altitude is reached in less than an hour, and for a location farther from the equator, the altitude is reached in more than one hour. In Los Angeles, California, at an hour after sunrise or an hour before sunset, the sun has an altitude of about 10–12°. The character of the lighting is determined by the sun's altitude, and the time for the sun to move from the horizon to a specified altitude depends on a location's latitude and the time of year. The term hour is used figuratively the effect has no clearly defined duration and varies according to season and latitude. In addition, the sun's low angle above the horizon produces longer shadows. More blue light is scattered, so if the sun is present, its light appears more reddish. This is technically a type of lighting diffusion. When the sun is low above the horizon, sunlight rays must penetrate the atmosphere for a greater distance, reducing the intensity of the direct light, so that more of the illumination comes from indirect light from the sky, reducing the lighting ratio. The color temperature can also change significantly with altitude, latitude, season, and weather conditions. It tends to be around 2,000 K shortly after sunrise or before sunset, around 3,500 K during "golden hour", and around 5,500 K at midday. 10.17226/11622.The color temperature of daylight varies with the time of day. Washington, DC: National Academies Press 2007. Preterm birth: causes, consequences, and prevention. Mental Health in Children Born Extremely Preterm Without Severe Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. E., Hysing M., Markestad T., Sommerfelt K. Prediction of neurodevelopmental and sensory outcome at 5 years in Norwegian children born extremely premature. ![]() Leversen KT, Sommerfelt K, Rønnestad A, et al. Department of Health and Human Services 2015. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Outcomes for extremely premature infants. Glass HC, Costarino AT, Stayer SA, Brett C, Cladis F, Davis PJ. Implementation of an evidence-based, Golden Hour protocol is an effective intervention for reducing hypothermia and hypoglycemia in extremely premature infants. ![]() Improvements in hypothermia (59% vs 26% vs 38% p = 0.001), hypoglycemia (18% vs 7% vs 4% p = 0.012), and minutes to completion of stabilization were observed. There were no significant differences in infant characteristics. Data were collected (2012-2017) over three phases pre-protocol (n = 80), Phase I (n = 42), and Phase II (n = 92). Using quality improvement methodology, the Golden Hour protocol was implemented for all inborn infants <27 weeks' gestation. To reduce local rates of these morbidities, a multidisciplinary team developed a protocol standardizing evidence-based care practices during the first hour after birth. Following delivery, extremely premature infants are vulnerable to rapid development of hypothermia and hypoglycemia.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |